LugOwlWiki

Das Orginal befindet sich hier oder weiter unten.

Deutsch

BESCHLUSS ZUR UNTERSTÜTZUNG VON FREIER SOFTWARE UND STANDARDS DURCH DIE UNIVERSITÄT

Genehmigt vom Senat der Fakultät,

Universität in Buffalo, State University von New York,

1. April 2003.

1 WEIL direkter (unmediated) uneingeschränkter Zugang zu Informationen fundamental und unverzichtbar für die wissenschaftliche Recherche, den akademischen Dialog, die Forschung, die Verbesserung von Forschungsmethoden, die akademische Freiheit und Meinungsfreiheit ist; und

2 WEIL die vollständige Kontrolle des Computeranwenders über das Betriebssystem und die Hardware unverzichtbar für den Gebrauch und die Adaption von Computern in der Forschung sowie für den Erhalt der Privatsphäre ist; und

3 WEIL der freie Informationsfluss für lange Zeit durch Inkompatiblitäten zwischen Microsoft-Software und nicht Microsoft-Software aufgrund von microsoft-spezifischen Änderungen an offenen Protokollen (zum Beispiel Kerboros[1]), Dokumentformaten (zum Beispiel HTML[2]) oder Programmiersprachen (zum Beispiel Java[3]) behindert wurde; und

4 WEIL es scheinbar ein wesentliches Risiko gibt, dass zukünftige Betriebssysteme von Microsoft dazu dienen, die Rechte der Studierenden, der Wissenschaftler und der Öffentlichkeit zum fairen Gebrauch von urheberrechtlich geschütztem Material einzuschränken, wie es zum Beispiel in Microsofts Patent für ein "Digitales-Rechte-Management-Betriebssystem" (Digital Rights Management Operating System - US Patent Nr. 6330670, Dez. 2001)[4] oder in der Entwicklung von Palladium[5] und Secure Audio Path[6], das sind Technologien, die den direkten Zugriff von Computeranwendern auf Daten auf ihrem eigenen Computer verhindern, zu erkennen ist; und

5a WEIL die Beschränkungen, die durch die Lizenzvereinbarung des Erstellungswerkzeuges für Webseiten, Microsoft Frontpage 2002, verhängt wurden, die besagen: "die Software darf nicht in Verbindung mit einer Seite, die Microsoft, MSN, MSNBC, Expedia oder ihre Produkte und Dienstleistungen verunglimpft, benutzt werden"[7], inakzeptable Einschränkungen der freien Meinungsäußerung sind; und

5b WEIL der Sicherheits-Patch Q320920 für den Windows Media Player, welcher Microsoft Fernadministrationsrechte auf dem Computer des Anwenders gibt, sowie das Recht dem Benutzer die Möglichkeit zu entziehen Sichere Inhalte zu kopieren und/oder abzuspielen und andere Software zu benutzen[8], einen beträchtlichen Verzicht auf Kontrolle und Privatsphäre seitens des Computeranwenders zur Folge hat; und

5c WEIL der Fakt, dass der Windows Media Player jeden Vorgang des Zugriffs auf eine DVD durch den Benutzer protokolliert und Microsoft mitteilt[9], ein beunruhigender Eingriff in die Privatsphäre ist; und

6 WEIL ein proprietäres closed-source Betriebsystem wie Microsoft Windows nicht vom Benutzer modifiziert werden kann, um es an bestimmte Forschungs- oder persönliche Bedürfnisse anzupassen[10]; und

7 WEIL die übermäßige Abhängigkeit der Universität von Buffalo von einem einzelnen Anbieter proprietärer Betriebssysteme und/oder Anwendungssoftware die Universität machtlos macht, gegenüber unangemessenen Preissteigerungen für Softwarelizenzen und anderen unzumutbaren Forderungen wie z.B. Lizenzänderungen, die das Erstellen von Benchmarks oder das reverse-engineering aus Kompatiblitätsgründen verbieten; und

8 WEIL der Gebrauch von nicht-offenen proprietären Dokumentformaten und Informationsmanagementsystemen, um die Arbeiten der Fakultät, der Studenten und anderer Mitarbeiter zu speichern, die Möglichkeiten einschränkt, auf diese Arbeiten zuzugreifen und sie zu archivieren und den Zugriff auf lange Sicht gefährdet; und

<!> OffeneFrage: TODO

9 WEIL open-source, or "free" software provides an alternative to proprietary operating systems and application software that is robust, reliable and trustworthy, and provides a means for the University community to retain complete control of its computer hardware and software, and to retain the rights of Fair Use of information, and preserve the means to adapt computer systems to specific research and personal needs; and

10 WEIL significant savings can be achieved by the use of open-source software, which has (in almost all cases) zero licensing costs, and requires no involuntary upgrades such as are an integral part of the current UB Microsoft Campus Agreement; and

11 WEIL for the reasons enumerated above, the exclusive or predominant use of proprietary operating systems and application software is detrimental to the core missions of the University at Buffalo; and

12 WEIL open-source software provides an alternative through whose use the core missions of the University at Buffalo can be preserved, nurtured, and enhanced; now, therefore, be it

13 RESOLVED that the Faculty of the University at Buffalo call on the University to provide support for the use by interested students, faculty, and administrators of the GNU/Linux operating system; and be it further

14 RESOLVED that the Faculty of the University at Buffalo call on the University to provide support for the use by students, faculty, and administrators, of OpenOffice and/or other open-source productivity suites; and be it further

15 RESOLVED that the Faculty of the University at Buffalo call on the University to provide support for the use by students, faculty, and administrators, of open-source alternatives to proprietary application software wherever possible; and be it further

16 RESOLVED that the Faculty of the University at Buffalo call on the University to implement a policy of promoting open document formats and communication protocols wherever possible and, in the case of broadcast announcements and other documents intended for a general audience, discouraging the use of secret and proprietary formats (such as Microsoft Word format) in favor of open formats (such as plain text or HTML) that are universally accessible.

NOTES AND REFERENCES:

[1] See The Industry Standard, May 11, 2000: http://www.thestandard.com/article/display/0,1151,14996,00.html.

[2] "It was in this meeting that Microsoft executives said they intended to "embrace, extend, extinguish" competing technologies, including Internet standard HTML, McGeady [Intel Vice President and Government witness] said.",

ZDNet News, November 8, 1998, http://zdnet.com.com/2100-11-512681.html?legacy=zdnn.

[3] See, for example, Java World, December 1998, http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-1998/jw-12-injunction.html

News.com, January 22, 1999, http://news.com.com/2100-1001-220539.html?tag=bplst Specifically, the court required programming tools to be set by default to disable Microsoft extensions to Java.

[4] US Patent Office, http://patft.uspto.gov/netahtml/srchnum.htm. Search for 6330670. See also 6327652.

[5] From Microsoft Developer Network website, 2/26/2003:

[6] http://www.epic.org/privacy/consumer/microsoft/palladium.html.

[7] Infoworld Jan 10, 2001 http://archive.infoworld.com/articles/op/xml/01/10/01/011001opfoster.xml

[8] InfoWorld, July 12, 2002, http://www.infoworld.com/article/02/07/12/020715opestrat_1.html

[9] ITworld.com 2/21/02 http://www.itworld.com/AppDev/1471/IDG020221mediaplayer/

[10] For example, there is no real-time patch for Windows for experimentalists and musicians who need

[11] SQL Server benchmarks prohibited, ITWorld 4/17/2001

http://www.itworld.com/AppDev/136/IWD010417opfoster/

Original

Quelle: http://orange.math.buffalo.edu/csc/resolution2_april2003_approved.html

RESOLUTION FOR UNIVERSITY SUPPORT OF OPEN SOFTWARE AND STANDARDS

Approved by the Faculty Senate,

University at Buffalo, State University of New York,

April 1, 2003.

1 WHEREAS, direct unmediated unfettered access to information is fundamental and essential to scholarly inquiry, academic dialog, research, the advancement of research methods, academic freedom, and freedom of speech; and

2 WHEREAS, complete control by a computer-user of the computer's operating system and hardware is essential to the use and adaptation of computers in research and to the preservation of privacy; and

3 WHEREAS, the free flow of information has for many years been hampered by incompatibilities between Microsoft software and non-Microsoft systems caused by Microsoft-specific modifications to open protocols (such as Kerberos[1]), document formats (such as HTML[2]), and programming languages (such as Java[3]); and

4 WHEREAS, there appears to be significant risk that future Microsoft operating systems will serve to curtail the rights of scholars and the public to Fair Use of copyrighted material, as is suggested by Microsoft's patent for a "Digital Rights Management Operating System" (US Patent #6330670, Dec. 2001)[4], and its development of Palladium[5] and Secure Audio Path[6], which are technologies that prevent direct access by computer users to data on their own computers; and

5a WHEREAS, the restrictions imposed by the license agreement of the web-page composition tool Microsoft Frontpage 2002, which states "You may not use the Software in connection with any site that disparages Microsoft, MSN, MSNBC, Expedia, or their products or services"[7], are an unacceptable restriction of freedom of expression; and

5b WHEREAS, the "security patch" Q320920 for Windows Media Player, which gives to Microsoft remote administration privileges on the user's computer and the right to "disable your ability to copy and/or play Secure Content and use other software on your computer"[8], involves a substantial surrender of control and privacy on the part of the computer-user; and

5c WHEREAS, the fact that Windows Media Player logs and reports to Microsoft every instance of access to a DVD by the user[9] is a troubling invasion of privacy; and

6 WHEREAS, a closed-source proprietary operating system such as Microsoft Windows cannot be modified by the user to accommodate specific research or personal needs[10]; and

7 WHEREAS, excessive dependence of the University at Buffalo on a single supplier of proprietary operating systems and/or application software renders the University powerless to resist unreasonable price increases for software licenses and other unreasonable demands such as license changes forbidding benchmarking[11] or reverse-engineering for compatibility; and

8 WHEREAS, the use of closed proprietary document formats and information management systems to store the work of faculty, students, and staff limits the ways these works can be accessed and archived, and jeopardizes access itself in the long term; and

9 WHEREAS, open-source, or "free" software provides an alternative to proprietary operating systems and application software that is robust, reliable and trustworthy, and provides a means for the University community to retain complete control of its computer hardware and software, and to retain the rights of Fair Use of information, and preserve the means to adapt computer systems to specific research and personal needs; and

10 WHEREAS, significant savings can be achieved by the use of open-source software, which has (in almost all cases) zero licensing costs, and requires no involuntary upgrades such as are an integral part of the current UB Microsoft Campus Agreement; and

11 WHEREAS, for the reasons enumerated above, the exclusive or predominant use of proprietary operating systems and application software is detrimental to the core missions of the University at Buffalo; and

12 WHEREAS, open-source software provides an alternative through whose use the core missions of the University at Buffalo can be preserved, nurtured, and enhanced; now, therefore, be it

13 RESOLVED that the Faculty of the University at Buffalo call on the University to provide support for the use by interested students, faculty, and administrators of the GNU/Linux operating system; and be it further

14 RESOLVED that the Faculty of the University at Buffalo call on the University to provide support for the use by students, faculty, and administrators, of OpenOffice and/or other open-source productivity suites; and be it further

15 RESOLVED that the Faculty of the University at Buffalo call on the University to provide support for the use by students, faculty, and administrators, of open-source alternatives to proprietary application software wherever possible; and be it further

16 RESOLVED that the Faculty of the University at Buffalo call on the University to implement a policy of promoting open document formats and communication protocols wherever possible and, in the case of broadcast announcements and other documents intended for a general audience, discouraging the use of secret and proprietary formats (such as Microsoft Word format) in favor of open formats (such as plain text or HTML) that are universally accessible.

NOTES AND REFERENCES:

[1] See The Industry Standard, May 11, 2000: http://www.thestandard.com/article/display/0,1151,14996,00.html.

[2] "It was in this meeting that Microsoft executives said they intended to "embrace, extend, extinguish" competing technologies, including Internet standard HTML, McGeady [Intel Vice President and Government witness] said.",

ZDNet News, November 8, 1998, http://zdnet.com.com/2100-11-512681.html?legacy=zdnn.

[3] See, for example, Java World, December 1998,

http://news.com.com/2100-1001-220539.html?tag=bplst

[4] US Patent Office, http://patft.uspto.gov/netahtml/srchnum.htm. Search for 6330670. See also 6327652.

[5] From Microsoft Developer Network website, 2/26/2003:

[6] http://www.epic.org/privacy/consumer/microsoft/palladium.html.

[7] Infoworld Jan 10, 2001

[8] InfoWorld, July 12, 2002,

[9] ITworld.com 2/21/02

[10] For example, there is no real-time patch for Windows for experimentalists and musicians who need

[11] SQL Server benchmarks prohibited, ITWorld 4/17/2001

LugOwlWiki: UniBuffaloOpenSoftware (zuletzt geändert am 2009-03-08 14:45:34 durch localhost)